Mkangano wa geopolitical wazaka zaposachedwa wawononga makampani azitsulo aku Ukraine.Ziŵerengero za World Steel Association zimasonyeza kuti m’mayiko amene kale anali Soviet Union, ku Ukraine kupangidwa kwa zitsulo zosapanganika kunali koposa matani 50 miliyoni pachaka;pofika chaka cha 2021, kupanga kwake zitsulo zosapangana kudatsika mpaka matani 21.4 miliyoni.Kukhudzidwa ndi mkangano wa geopolitical, mphero zina zachitsulo ku Ukraine zidawonongeka, ndipo kupanga kwake zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mu 2022 kudatsikanso mpaka matani 6.3 miliyoni, kutsika mpaka 71%.Malinga ndi ziwerengero za Chiyukireniya Zitsulo Trade Association (Ukrmetalurgprom), pamaso pa February 2022, Ukraine ali oposa 10 lalikulu ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe zitsulo mphero, ndi okwana yaiwisi zitsulo kupanga mphamvu matani 25.3 miliyoni, ndipo pambuyo kubuka kwa mkangano dziko. zitsulo zisanu ndi chimodzi zokha zomwe zatsala zili ndi mphamvu zopanga zitsulo zokwana pafupifupi matani 17 miliyoni.Komabe, molingana ndi kope laposachedwa la World Steel Association's Short-Delete Forecast Report yomwe idatulutsidwa mu Okutobala chaka chino, chitukuko chamakampani azitsulo ku Ukraine chikuwongolera pang'onopang'ono ndikukhazikika.Izi zitha kulimbikitsa kuyambiranso kwamakampani azitsulo mdziko muno.
Pulogalamu yomanganso imathandizira kuti kufunikira kwachitsulo kukhale bwino.
Kufuna kwachitsulo ku Ukraine kwasintha, kupindula ndi pulogalamu yomanganso dzikolo, mwa zina.Deta ya Chiyukireniya Iron ndi Zitsulo Trade Association anasonyeza kuti Ukraine zitsulo zosakongola kupanga m'miyezi 10 2023 anali 5.16 miliyoni matani, pansi 11,7% chaka ndi chaka;kupanga chitsulo cha nkhumba kunali matani 4.91 miliyoni, pansi pa 15.6% pachaka;ndipo kupanga zitsulo kunali matani 4.37 miliyoni, kutsika ndi 13% chaka ndi chaka.Kwa nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi 80% ya zinthu zachitsulo zaku Ukraine zatumizidwa kunja.M'chaka chatha, chifukwa cha kuwirikiza kawiri kwa mitengo ya njanji yonyamula katundu komanso kutsekeka kwa madoko kudera la Black Sea, makampani azitsulo mdziko muno ataya njira zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo zotumizira kunja.
Kutsatira kuwonongedwa kwa zomangamanga zamagetsi, makampani ambiri azitsulo m'dzikoli anakakamizika kutseka.Komabe, ndi dongosolo la mphamvu la Chiyukireniya likugwira ntchito, opanga magetsi ambiri m'dzikoli tsopano akutha kukwaniritsa zofuna za magetsi a mafakitale, koma pakufunikabe kupitirizabe kusintha kwa magetsi.Kuphatikiza apo, makampani azitsulo mdziko muno akuyenera kukonzanso njira zake zogulitsira ndikuyambitsa njira zatsopano zogwirira ntchito.Pakadali pano, mabizinesi ena mdziko muno akhazikitsanso njira zotumizira katundu kudzera ku madoko aku Europe komanso doko la Izmir kumunsi kwa Danube kum'mwera kwa Ukraine, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pali zinthu zofunika.
Msika waukulu wazitsulo zachitsulo ndi zitsulo za ku Ukraine nthawi zonse wakhala dera la European Union, ndipo zogulitsa kunja zimaphatikizapo zitsulo zachitsulo, zotsirizidwa, ndi zina zotero.Choncho, chitukuko cha makampani Chiyukireniya zitsulo zimadalira kwambiri pa zinthu zachuma m'dera EU.Kuyambira pachiyambi cha 2023, makampani asanu ndi anayi akuluakulu achitsulo ku Ulaya adalengeza kuyambiranso kapena kubwezeretsanso mphamvu zawo zopangira, monga momwe katundu wa ogulitsa ena a ku Ulaya anatha mu December 2022.Pamodzi ndi kubwezeretsanso kupanga zitsulo, mitengo yazitsulo yawona kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa chitsulo kuchokera ku makampani azitsulo aku Europe.Chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa madoko a Black Sea, msika wa EU umakhalabe wofunika kwambiri kumakampani achitsulo aku Ukraine.Malinga ndi kuwonetseratu kwa Chiyukireniya Steel Trade Association, mu 2023, katundu wa zitsulo m'dzikoli adzafika pa 53%, kuyambiranso kutumiza kukuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka;Kupanga zitsulo zonse kudzakweranso mpaka matani 6.5 miliyoni, doko pambuyo pa kutsegulidwa kwa kuthekera kowirikiza kawiri.
Makampani ena ayamba kupanga mapulani oyambiranso kupanga.
Ngakhale kuti ndizovuta kuti kupanga zitsulo ku Ukraine kubwererenso mwamsanga mkangano usanayambe, makampani ena m'dzikoli ayamba kupanga mapulani oyambiranso kupanga.
Deta yochokera ku Ukraine Steel Trade Association ikuwonetsa kuti mu 2022, kuchuluka kwapachaka komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani azitsulo aku Ukraine kudzakhala 30% yokha.Makampani azitsulo mdziko muno akuwonetsa zizindikiro zoyamba zakusintha mu 2023 pomwe magetsi akukhazikika.Mu February 2023, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zamakampani azitsulo za ku Ukraine zinawonjezeka ndi 49.3% mwezi-pa-mwezi, kufika matani 424,000;kutulutsa kwachitsulo kumawonjezeka ndi 30% mwezi-pa-mwezi, kufika pa matani 334,000.
Makampani opanga migodi mdziko muno adzipereka kukonzanso zida zopangira.Pakali pano, makampani anayi amigodi ndi okonza pansi pa Metinvest Group akupangabe bwino, ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya 25% mpaka 40%.Gululi likukonzekera kubwezeretsa mphamvu za migodi ku 30% ya mikangano isanayambe kumenyana pamene ikuyang'ana kupanga ma pellet.Mu Marichi 2023, mzere wachiwiri wopanga ma pellet wa Ferrexpo, womwe umachita bizinesi yamigodi yachitsulo ku Ukraine, udayikidwa.Pakadali pano, kampaniyo ili ndi mizere 4 yopanga ma pellet popanga, ndipo kuchuluka kwakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwafika 50%.
Makampani omwe ali m'malo akuluakulu opanga zitsulo amakumanabe ndi zoopsa zambiri
Malingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili panopa, m'madera akuluakulu opangira zitsulo ku Ukraine monga Zaporozh, Krivoy Rog, Nikopol, Dnipro, ndi Kamiansk, akadali makampani azitsulo omwe akuyang'anizana ndi malo opangira magetsi ndi magetsi.Zowopsa monga kuwonongeka ndi kusokonezedwa kwa zinthu.
Kukonzanso kwamakampani kumakopa mabizinesi ambiri akunja
Ngakhale kuti mkangano wa Russia ndi Ukraine wawononga kwambiri makampani azitsulo aku Ukraine, makampani azitsulo aku Ukraine akadali ndi chidaliro chamtsogolo.ndalama okhonda njira alinso ndi chiyembekezo cha kuthekera kwa makampani Ukraine zitsulo.Akatswiri ena amalosera kuti kumangidwanso kwa mafakitale azitsulo ku Ukraine kudzakopa ndalama zokwana madola mabiliyoni ambiri.
Mu Meyi 2023, pa Msonkhano Wamalonda Womanga womwe unachitikira ku Kiev, SMC, wothandizidwa ndi Metinvest Group, adaganiza zomanganso dziko lotchedwa "Steel Dream".Kampaniyo ikukonzekera kupanga mitundu 13 ya nyumba zomanga zitsulo, kuphatikizapo nyumba zogona (malo ogona ndi mahotela), nyumba zogwirira ntchito zamagulu (masukulu, masukulu, zipatala), komanso malo oimika magalimoto, malo ochitira masewera ndi malo obisala mobisa.SMC imalosera kuti Ukraine idzafunika pafupifupi matani 3.5 miliyoni azitsulo pomanganso nyumba ndi zomangamanga, zomwe zidzatenga zaka 5 mpaka 10.M'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo, abwenzi pafupifupi 50 mdziko muno alowa nawo gawo la Steel Dream initiative, kuphatikiza mphero zazitsulo, opanga mipando ndi opanga zida zomangira.
Mu Marichi 2023, Posco Holdings Group yaku South Korea idakhazikitsa gulu logwira ntchito la "Ukraine Recovery", lomwe likuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito zofananira m'magawo akuluakulu asanu kuphatikiza zitsulo zaku Ukraine, tirigu, zida zachiwiri za batri, mphamvu ndi zomangamanga.Posco Holdings ikukonzekera kutenga nawo gawo pantchito zopanga zitsulo zapanyumba zomwe sizigwirizana ndi chilengedwe.South Korea ndi Ukraine azifufuzanso molumikizana njira zomangira zomangira zitsulo, potero akufupikitsa nthawi yomanganso ntchito yomanganso.Monga njira yopangira zomangira, zomanga moduli zimayamba kupanga 70% mpaka 80% yazigawo zazitsulo mufakitale ndikuzitengera kumalo osonkhanitsira.Izi zitha kufupikitsa nthawi yomanga ndi 60%, ndipo zida zachitsulo zitha kubwezeretsedwanso bwino.
Mu June 2023, ku Ukraine Recovery Conference yomwe inachitikira ku London, England, Metinvest Group ndi Primetals Technologies adalowa nawo mwalamulo "Green Recovery of the Ukraine Steel Industry".Pulatifomu ndi ntchito yovomerezeka ya boma la Chiyukireniya ndipo ikufuna kuthandizira kukonzanso mafakitale azitsulo m'dzikoli ndipo potsirizira pake kukonzanso makampani a ku Ukraine kudzera mu kusintha kobiriwira kwa mafakitale azitsulo.
Akuti zidzatengera Ukraine US $ 20 biliyoni mpaka US $ 40 biliyoni kukhazikitsa unyolo wamtengo wobiriwira wazitsulo.Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ikamalizidwa, Ukraine ikuyembekezeka kupanga matani okwana 15 miliyoni a "zitsulo zobiriwira" pachaka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-20-2023